張家(jia)港弱電(dian)智(zhi)能化(hua)系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程是隨著我(wo)國電(dian)子輔助設備技(ji)術的(de)發展(zhan)，引入到建筑設備中(zhong)的(de)智(zhi)能化(hua)技(ji)術增多。在我(wo)國建筑弱電(dian)智(zhi)能化(hua)系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)，主要的(de)技(ji)術包括：、、監控報(bao)警(jing)系(xi)統(tong)、有(you)線電(dian)視系(xi)統(tong)、多媒體會議系(xi)統(tong)、防雷接地系(xi)統(tong)、樓宇自(zi)控系(xi)統(tong)、電(dian)子巡(xun)更系(xi)統(tong)、不間斷電(dian)源系(xi)統(tong)、排(pai)隊及顯(xian)小系(xi)統(tong)、家(jia)居智(zhi)能化(hua)系(xi)統(tong)等方(fang)面。建筑弱電(dian)智(zhi)能化(hua)系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程所涉及的(de)因素較多，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)技(ji)術路線、材料質量和施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備狀況都影響著工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量。

　　一、建筑弱電智能化系統工程影響因素

衡量弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)技(ji)術的(de)主要(yao)依(yi)據包括：電(dian)(dian)壓和(he)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)穩定性、信號傳輸的(de)精(jing)確程度和(he)可靠度等(deng)。在建(jian)(jian)筑弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)智能(neng)化系統工程中，可以分為兩個(ge)方面；第一，低電(dian)(dian)壓電(dian)(dian)能(neng)。例如(ru)，進(jin)行控制建(jian)(jian)筑大樓、報警監控、消防電(dian)(dian)氣控制等(deng)，都屬(shu)于該方面。第二，信息(xi)信號傳輸。例如(ru)，有線電(dian)(dian)視信號、電(dian)(dian)腦網絡和(he)信號接收(shou)等(deng)。建(jian)(jian)筑弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)智能(neng)化系統工程主要(yao)影響因(yin)素可以分為相關技(ji)術和(he)施工管理兩個(ge)方面，具體如(ru)下：

（一）、計(ji)算(suan)機技(ji)術

計算(suan)機(ji)技(ji)術(shu)影響著未(wei)來弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)技(ji)術(shu)發展，采用更(geng)加復雜的(de)計算(suan)機(ji)網絡化控制，實現復雜的(de)智(zhi)能化操作都(dou)(dou)必須計算(suan)機(ji)技(ji)術(shu)保證(zheng)。計算(suan)機(ji)及信息網絡技(ji)術(shu)管理著弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系統，其(qi)工作水平和可(ke)靠性(xing)都(dou)(dou)決定了弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)系統的(de)服(fu)務(wu)質量。因此，計算(suan)機(ji)技(ji)術(shu)在弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工程中起著關鍵作用，在一定程度上決定了弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)智(zhi)能化發展程度。

（二）、信息傳輸技術(shu)

通(tong)信(xin)技(ji)(ji)術主要(yao)影響(xiang)了智能建(jian)筑弱電(dian)技(ji)(ji)術信(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)導，是智能控制中的(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸環節。現代(dai)的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸技(ji)(ji)術包括寬(kuan)帶、無線信(xin)號、多媒(mei)體通(tong)信(xin)技(ji)(ji)術和ATM通(tong)信(xin)技(ji)(ji)術，這些在建(jian)筑弱電(dian)工程中都發揮(hui)著重要(yao)作用。隨著信(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸技(ji)(ji)術朝(chao)著數字化(hua)、高(gao)速化(hua)和穩定化(hua)方(fang)向發展，建(jian)筑弱電(dian)智能化(hua)的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸也將獲得進一步(bu)的(de)(de)提升。

（三）、施工(gong)工(gong)程管理技術

由于所涉及的專(zhuan)業技術(shu)較多(duo)，需要工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種廣(guang)泛，有效地工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)技術(shu)能(neng)夠保證弱電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)正常實施(shi)(shi)，幫助工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)采取最合(he)理(li)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序。根據建(jian)筑施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)知(zhi)識(shi)我(wo)們知(zhi)道，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)技術(shu)是一項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)最為(wei)核心(xin)的環節，要想提高建(jian)筑弱電智能(neng)化(hua)系(xi)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設水平，就(jiu)必須(xu)結合(he)建(jian)筑弱電智能(neng)化(hua)系(xi)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)特點，提出合(he)理(li)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)方案，保證弱電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)規(gui)范施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。

（四(si)）、施工技(ji)術管理技(ji)術

技術(shu)管理(li)是指在建(jian)筑弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)智能化系統工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)指導(dao)進行(xing)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)技術(shu)方案。弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)必須(xu)根據(ju)合同和技術(shu)設(she)計(ji)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，實施(shi)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)技術(shu)管理(li)能夠(gou)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)所進行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)規范，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)在正式使用中(zhong)能正常工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。技術(shu)管理(li)要(yao)(yao)制(zhi)定(ding)詳細可執(zhi)行(xing)的(de)規范文件(jian)，保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人能夠(gou)完(wan)成工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)操作。有(you)效地技術(shu)管理(li)技術(shu)是建(jian)筑弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)智能化系統工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)，決定(ding)了系統工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)可靠度。

　　二、建筑弱電智能化系統工程存在問題

我國建(jian)筑(zhu)弱電(dian)智能(neng)化(hua)技術(shu)在改(gai)革開放(fang)以(yi)來有了(le)很大的(de)進(jin)步，建(jian)筑(zhu)實施的(de)智能(neng)化(hua)水平得到了(le)飛速發展。然(ran)而，隨著(zhu)電(dian)子科技和信息相關技術(shu)的(de)發展，傳(chuan)統的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)弱電(dian)智能(neng)化(hua)技術(shu)不能(neng)適(shi)應當今發展，必須根據(ju)出現(xian)的(de)新技術(shu)進(jin)行(xing)調整，在此過程中也出現(xian)了(le)較多(duo)問題(ti)，主要如(ru)下(xia)：

（一）、設計和施工人員(yuan)專業素(su)質較(jiao)低

智(zhi)能建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)弱電技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計和(he)施工(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)專業素質(zhi)決(jue)定(ding)了工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量。由(you)于弱電智(zhi)能系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)所需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識涵蓋了機械電子(zi)、自動(dong)化控制、通(tong)信技(ji)(ji)術和(he)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)技(ji)(ji)術等，這(zhe)就要(yao)求從事(shi)智(zhi)能建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)弱電技(ji)(ji)術必須具(ju)(ju)備各方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識，能夠(gou)在施工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)結合工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)需要(yao)采取合理的(de)(de)(de)處理辦法(fa)。然而，我國(guo)當(dang)前從事(shi)弱電工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)人(ren)員(yuan)相對較(jiao)少，具(ju)(ju)備綜(zong)合素質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)更少，這(zhe)就造(zao)成(cheng)了智(zhi)能建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)弱電工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)對人(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)需求增(zeng)加。缺乏(fa)高素質(zhi)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)往(wang)往(wang)難以控制系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量，造(zao)成(cheng)由(you)于不能將建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計與施工(gong)與網絡、通(tong)信等技(ji)(ji)術充分的(de)(de)(de)結合，出現工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)漏洞，造(zao)成(cheng)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)安全隱患。

（二）、建筑設計缺(que)乏合理指導(dao)

隨著現代開發(fa)商對于建(jian)筑實(shi)用性的(de)(de)關注(zhu)增加，導(dao)致設計師在(zai)規劃智能(neng)弱(ruo)電設備中(zhong)重視(shi)功(gong)能(neng)，往(wang)往(wang)采取盡可(ke)能(neng)的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)覆蓋(gai)面(mian)來吸引客戶的(de)(de)關注(zhu)。但是，在(zai)此過程中(zhong)就(jiu)出現了由于不重視(shi)相關技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，使所設計的(de)(de)智能(neng)弱(ruo)點技(ji)術(shu)得不到(dao)充分發(fa)揮，大大降低了智能(neng)弱(ruo)電技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)推廣。因此，只有(you)(you)建(jian)立合理的(de)(de)設計指導(dao)思想(xiang)，弱(ruo)電智能(neng)化系(xi)統工程才(cai)能(neng)有(you)(you)實(shi)質性的(de)(de)進展(zhan)。

　　三、建筑弱電智能化系統工程分析

弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)(shu)主(zhu)要(yao)是根(gen)據使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)定義(yi)的(de)，通常定義(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)24V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行工作(zuo)設備采用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)(shu)，該(gai)范(fan)疇實際(ji)上(shang)是廣義(yi)范(fan)圍的(de)弱(ruo)點技術(shu)(shu)定義(yi)。建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)工程(cheng)就是基于弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)(shu)，考慮到實現無需人(ren)工干預(yu)的(de)自動化(hua)，從(cong)而為(wei)人(ren)們提(ti)供更加方(fang)便的(de)居住(zhu)條件(jian)。在我國(guo)，當前建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)工程(cheng)主(zhu)要(yao)包括(kuo)內(nei)容：弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)設置(zhi)包括(kuo)：、計算機網絡系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話布線系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、有線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、視頻監控(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、停車(che)場管理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、多功能(neng)(neng)(neng)會議系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)等。為(wei)了(le)提(ti)高建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)工程(cheng)水平，主(zhu)要(yao)改善措施(shi)如下：

（一）、提高設計規范(fan)，加(jia)強智能化(hua)設計水平

設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)階段主要(yao)(yao)包括(kuo)功能(neng)(neng)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)和施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)，在此階段決定了建筑弱電(dian)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)系統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程總體方案。為了保證(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)質量(liang)，必(bi)須(xu)保證(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)功能(neng)(neng)、使用(yong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)和設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方法(fa)符合(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)同要(yao)(yao)求，從用(yong)戶的(de)(de)角(jiao)度客(ke)觀評(ping)價(jia)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)水平。在所(suo)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)弱電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程中，要(yao)(yao)結(jie)合(he)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)具體功能(neng)(neng)制定相應的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)容。所(suo)提(ti)供的(de)(de)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)內(nei)容要(yao)(yao)積極結(jie)合(he)當前電(dian)子(zi)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)技術發展，不斷地(di)引(yin)進(jin)新的(de)(de)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方案。此外，要(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)系統(tong)功能(neng)(neng)、信號(hao)匹配、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序合(he)理性(xing)，嚴格(ge)審核施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總體方案，從而保證(zheng)(zheng)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)規范性(xing)。

（二）、加強施工過程控制，嚴格執行設計(ji)方案

針對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設計執行施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)涉及到諸多細節(jie)，這些(xie)細節(jie)對于(yu)(yu)弱電(dian)(dian)智能化設備有著(zhu)關鍵(jian)影響。在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員和管理人(ren)員應熟悉工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)總體過程(cheng)(cheng)，并(bing)明確工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)重點(dian)和難點(dian)，然后在按照各個階段進行施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，努力在每階段做(zuo)好施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管理。對于(yu)(yu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)管、線(xian)槽、電(dian)(dian)纜敷設及隱線(xian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進行詳細記(ji)錄，核(he)對設計方案的(de)接線(xian)圖和原理圖，排出(chu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)出(chu)現的(de)失誤。

（三）、做好(hao)驗收(shou)檢驗，保證實(shi)施建筑的可靠度

施工(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)避(bi)免的(de)存在失誤(wu)，通過(guo)(guo)驗收(shou)工(gong)作能夠有(you)效地控制工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量，為用戶提供最規范的(de)智能化弱電(dian)設(she)備(bei)。建筑弱電(dian)由于受到環境(jing)溫(wen)度(du)、濕度(du)和(he)清潔程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)的(de)影響，因(yin)此(ci)在施工(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)不(bu)(bu)規范施工(gong)很可(ke)能是弱電(dian)設(she)備(bei)使用壽(shou)命縮減(jian)，通過(guo)(guo)設(she)備(bei)的(de)使用說明，分(fen)(fen)別驗證弱電(dian)設(she)備(bei)的(de)工(gong)作狀態。在驗收(shou)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中若發現設(she)備(bei)存在信號(hao)、電(dian)壓、電(dian)流不(bu)(bu)穩定(ding)情(qing)況，應立即組織(zhi)技術(shu)和(he)管理人員進行分(fen)(fen)析(xi)，分(fen)(fen)析(xi)出(chu)現不(bu)(bu)穩定(ding)狀況的(de)原因(yin)，進行返工(gong)或(huo)者技術(shu)維護(hu)。

（四）、提(ti)(ti)高弱電(dian)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)功(gong)能和(he)品質，滿足用戶(hu)功(gong)能需求(qiu)建(jian)筑弱電(dian)智能系(xi)統工程不(bu)(bu)僅要為用戶(hu)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)更多(duo)的(de)(de)服(fu)務，提(ti)(ti)高生活智能化和(he)自動化程度(du)，而且(qie)還應著重保證系(xi)統工程的(de)(de)品質要求(qiu)。在新時期，人們對于居住(zhu)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了新的(de)(de)要求(qiu)，例如拓(tuo)寬居住(zhu)環境(jing)、提(ti)(ti)高居住(zhu)的(de)(de)安全性和(he)視(shi)覺(jue)感受等(deng)，建(jian)筑弱電(dian)智能化工程應緊密結合客(ke)戶(hu)需求(qiu)，定期開展客(ke)戶(hu)要求(qiu)調查，不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)地推出(chu)新的(de)(de)智能化服(fu)務。此外，在提(ti)(ti)供(gong)全方位服(fu)務的(de)(de)過程中應注重設備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)可靠度(du)，不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)地提(ti)(ti)高施工品質，維(wei)護人們對弱電(dian)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)使用感受。

總(zong)之，隨著科技技術的不斷前進(jin)，建筑(zhu)弱電智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)技術將(jiang)會獲得更大的進(jin)步。建筑(zhu)施工(gong)管理應(ying)緊密(mi)聯系施工(gong)和客戶需求(qiu)，采取有效地(di)策略方(fang)式來(lai)提高建筑(zhu)水平(ping)。加(jia)強智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)建筑(zhu)配套(tao)設(she)施的規劃與完善，從(cong)而保證我國建筑(zhu)系統順利發(fa)展。